FACTS AND FIGURES
Pakistan displays some of Asia's most magnificent landscapes as it stretches from Arabian Sea, its southern border, to some of the world's most spectacular mountain ranges in the north. Pakistan is also home sites that date back to the world's earliest settlements rivaling those of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.
BASIC FACTS
Official name:
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Capital:
Islamabad
Area:
796,095 sq km
307,374 sq mi
Population: 147,663,430 (2002 estimate)
Population growth:
2.06 percent (2002 estimate)
Projected population in 2025
213,338,252 (2000 estimate)
Projected population in 2050
267,813,495 (2000 estimate)
Population density:
185 persons per sq km (2002 estimate)
480 persons per sq mi (2002 estimate)
Urban/rural distribution:
Share urban
37 percent (2000 estimate)
Share rural
63 percent (2000 estimate)
Largest cities, with population:
Karachi
9,269,265 (1998)
Lahore
5,063,499 (1998)
Faisalabad
1,977,246 (1998)
Rawalpindi
1,406,214 (1998)
Hyderabad
1,151,274 (1998)
Linguistic and Ethnic groups:
Punjabi
48 percent
Pashtun
13 percent
Sindhi
12 percent
Saraiki
10 percent
Urdu
8 percent
Other
9 percent
Languages:
Urdu (official), English (commonly used), Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi, Saraiki
Religious affiliations:
Sunni Muslim
77 percent
Shia Muslim
20 percent
Christian, Hindu, and other
3 percent
HEALTH AND EDUCATION
Life expectancy:
Total
61.8 years (2002 estimate)
Female
62.7 years (2002 estimate)
Male
61 years (2002 estimate)
Infant mortality rate:
79 deaths per 1,000 live births (2002 estimate)
Population per physician:
2,703 people (1999)
Population per hospital bed:
1,535 people (1993)
Literacy rate:
Total
65 percent (2001 estimate)
Female
51.5 percent (2001 estimate)
Male
77.7 percent (2001 estimate)
Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP):
2.6 percent (1998)
Number of years of compulsory schooling:
Not available
Number of students per teacher, primary school:
32 students per teacher (1998)
GOVERNMENT
Form of government:
Republic
Head of state:
President
Head of government:
Prime minister
Legislature:
Bicameral legislature
National Assembly: 217 members
Senate: 87 members
Voting qualifications:
Universal at age 21
Constitution:
10 April 1973; suspended 5 July 1977; restored with amendments 30 December 1985; suspended after military coup in October 1999.
Highest court:
Supreme Court
Armed forces:
Army, Navy, Air Force
Total number of military personnel
620,000 (2001)
Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP)
5.8 percent (2000)
First-level political divisions:
Four provinces, two federally administered areas, and the Federal Capital Territory of Islamabad
ECONOMY
Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$):
$62 billion (2000)
GDP per capita (U.S.$):
$450 (2000)
GDP by economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
26.3 percent (2000)
Industry
22.8 percent (2000)
Services
50.9 percent (2000)
Employment
Number of workers
51,724,768 (2000)
Workforce share of economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
47 percent (1999)
Industry
17 percent (1999)
Services
36 percent (1999)
Unemployment rate
5.9 percent (2000)
National budget (U.S.$):
Total revenue
$9,454 million (1999)
Total expenditure
$12,768 million (1999)
Monetary unit:
1 Pakistani rupee (PKR), consisting of 100 paisa
Agriculture:
Sugarcane, wheat, rice, cotton lint, corn, livestock
Mining:
Petroleum, limestone, rock salt, gypsum, silica sand, natural gas, coal
Manufacturing:
Textiles, food products, petroleum products, consumer goods, fertilizers, chemicals, cement
Major exports:
Cotton clothing, thread, and textiles; raw cotton and rice; petroleum, leather, and fish products
Major imports:
Machinery, electrical goods, petroleum products, transportation equipment, metals and metal products, fertilizer, foodstuffs
Major trade partners for exports
United States, Hong Kong S.A.R., Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, United Arab Emirates
Major trade partners for imports:
United States, Japan , Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, China
ENERGY, COMMUNICATIONS, AND TRANSPORTATION
Electricity production:
Electricity from thermal sources
63.38 percent (1999 estimate)
Electricity from hydroelectric sources
36.51 percent (1999 estimate)
Electricity from nuclear sources
0.11 percent (1999 estimate)
Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources
0 percent (1999 estimate)
Number of radios per 1,000 people:
94 (1997)
Number of telephones per 1,000 people
22 (2000)
Number of televisions per 1,000 people
22 (1997 estimate)
Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people:
0.40 (2000)
Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people:
21 (1995 estimate)
Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people:
8.5 (1999)
Paved road as a share of total roads:
43 percent (1999)
SOURCES
Basic Facts and People sections:
Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).
Health and Education section:
Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).
Government section:
Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance.
Economy section:
Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.
Energy, Communication, and Transportation section:
Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).
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